鲈鲤苗种培育及苗种生长特性的研究

Study on larvae rearing and growth characteristics of Percocypris pingi

摘要:

为研究鲈鲤(Percocypris pingi)苗种的生长特性,开发鲈鲤育苗技术,采用水泥池流水单养模式,在自然水温条件下,开展了10日龄至110日龄鲈鲤苗种培育试验。经过100 d的培育,鲈鲤鱼苗体质量从(46.45±4.03)mg增加到(2 600.09±105.18)mg,平均体长从(16.22±0.46)mm增长到(50.78±2.97)mm,平均成活率为82.00%；体质量变异系数在4.05%～24.80%,体长变异系数在2.49%～7.32%,体质量变异系数大于体长变异系数；体质量变异系数整体呈现先升高后降低的变化趋势,体长变异系数整体变化较为平缓,在整个培育阶段,鲈鲤种群生长离散呈现从加剧到减弱的变化规律；体质量特定生长率在(0.91±0.49)%/d～(7.75±2.18)%/d,体长特定生长率在(0.47±0.29)%/d～(1.94±1.46)%/d,体质量特定生长率大于体长特定生长率；在水温16.8～23.0 ℃条件下,鲈鲤生长状况良好,特定生长率相对较高,当水温高于23.0 ℃之后,特定生长率呈降低趋势,表明16.8～23.0 ℃是鲈鲤鱼苗适宜的生长水温范围；肥满度变化范围在(1.09±0.10)～(2.85±0.18)g/cm³,肥满度变化呈现先升高后降低的变化趋势；体长(x)和体质量(y)的拟合方程为y=0.001 5x3.756 6(R²=0.980 6),b值为3.756 6；全长(y)和体长(x)的拟合方程为y=1.223x-0.505 5(R²=0.990 8)。试验结果表明,鲈鲤苗种在水泥池流水单养模式及自然水温条件下生长状况良好,16.8～23.0 ℃是鲈鲤苗种的适宜生长水温。

Abstract:

In order to study the rearing technology of Percocypris pingi and provide technical support for further large-scale culture of this species,this study investigated the growth characteristics of P.pingi larvae under artificial rearing condition equipped with monoculture mode of running water and natural water temperature. The results showed that:(1)After indoor rearing from 10 to 110 days-old,body weight of experimental fishes increased from initial(46.45±4.03)mg to final (2 600.09±105.18)mg, the average body length increased from initial(16.22±0.46)mm to final(50.78±2.97)mm,and the average survival rate was 82.00%.(2)For coefficient of variation(CV) of average body weight and body length of juvenile fishes during this growth trial,CV values of average body weight(4.05%~24.80%) were obviously higher than the values of average body length(2.49%~7.32%).(3)For specific growth rate(SGR)of average body weight and body length of experimental fishes,the SGR of average body weight(0.91%/d~7.75%/d)was also obviously higher than the SGR of average body length(0.47%/d~1.94%/d).(4)The condition factor (CF)of juvenile fishes ranged from(1.09±0.10)g/cm³ to(2.85±0.18)g/cm³ and showed an evident trend of “low-high-low” during the growth trial.(5)The regression equation of average body length against body weight of experimental fishes was shown as y=0.001 5x3.756 6(R²=0.980 6),and the regression equation of body length against full length was expressed as y=1.223x-0.505 5(R²=0.990 8).(6)Juvenile fishes had relatively higher SGR when water temperature ranging from 16.8 ℃ to 23.0 ℃,but it decreased with further increase of water temperature,which indicated that 16.8~23.0 ℃ could be optimal for growth of juvenile fishes.(7)The CV of average body weight showed a “low-high-low” trend in this growth trail.In conclusion,P. pingi larvae exhibited good growth performance under artificial rearing conditions with monoculture mode and natural water temperature,and 16.8～23.0 ℃ could be optimal for the growth of P.pingi larvae.