4种饵料对玉足海参幼体生长和发育的影响

Effect of four different diets on larval growth and development of sea cucumber Holothuria leucospilota

摘要:

为了解单一饵料或混合投喂对玉足海参(Holothuria leucospilota)幼体生长的影响,采用2种单胞藻(牟氏角毛藻、球等鞭金藻)和2种酵母(酿酒酵母、海洋红酵母)单一或组合搭配投喂玉足海参耳状幼体,测定并比较海参幼体的体长、胃宽、水体腔长、变态成活率等指标。试验结果显示:单一饵料组中,牟氏角毛藻对玉足海参幼体体长的生长及变态存活最有利,而球等鞭金藻对其脏器(胃、水体腔)的发育最有利；综合所有处理组的投喂效果看,混合投喂组比单一饵料组更有利于玉足海参幼体的生长和存活,其中酿酒酵母+海洋红酵母的混合投喂组合得到了最高的体长、胃宽和水体腔长特定生长率,牟氏角毛藻+海洋红酵母投喂组的变态成活率最高,变态发育速度最快。结果表明,在玉足海参幼体培养早期适合以混合酵母为主投喂,后期则可较多投喂牟氏角毛藻和海洋红酵母。

Abstract:

To study the effect of single or combined 4 different diets on larval growth of the sea cucumber Holothuria leucospilota,the larvae of H. leucospilota were fed with single or mixed diets,and the effects of different diets on its growth were compared by measuring and recording the body length,stomach width and axohydrocoel length of the larvae.Results demonstrated that the specific growth rate(SGR) of larval body length,stomach width and axohydrocoel length presented differentiation by feeding different diets.In the single diet groups,Chaetoceros muelleri was the best for the larval body growth and metamorphosis,and Isochrysis galbana was the best for the development of larval internal organs including stomach and axohydrocoel.Over all of the treatment,the combined diets were better than the single diets to the larval growth and survival.Larvae fed with combining Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Rhodomonas sp. had the highest SGR of body length,stomach width and axohydrocoel length.Larvae fed with combining C. muelleri and Rhodomonas sp. obtained the highest metamorphosis survival and metamorphosis developmental speed.This research could provide the reliable data for enhancing the artificial breeding technology of H. leucospilota.