上海地区池塘循环流水槽设施养殖黄金鲫技术及推水时长优化初探

Preliminary study on the technique of culturing golden crucian carp(Carassius auratus) and the optimization of water pushing time in pond circulating flume facilities in Shanghai

摘要:

为推动上海地区黄金鲫设施化养殖的发展,利用池塘循环水流水槽养殖设施开展了黄金鲫养殖试验,进行了产量和效益测算,并开展了24 h的循环水流水槽推水装置开启时长的优化试验,比较了净化塘组、试验组流水槽和对照组流水槽的水质差异。结果表明:(1)6条流水槽养殖黄金鲫的总产量为8 606 kg,总产值为10.33万元,利润约为3.03万元。(2)不同时间点监测的净化塘、试验流水槽和对照流水槽中的溶解氧均在4.0 mg/L以上,且各时间点监测的净化塘、试验流水槽和对照流水槽中的溶解氧无显著差异(P＞0.05)；净化塘水体的pH相对于试验流水槽和对照流水槽略高；在20:20至翌日4:20时间段,试验组的pH最低,且在翌日24:20和2:20时间点与净化塘差异显著(P＜0.05)。(3)净化塘、试验流水槽和对照流水槽水体中的总氨氮质量浓度在0.64~1.16 mg/L,非离子氨质量浓度在0.35~0.91 mg/L,亚硝态氮质量浓度在0.14~0.19 mg/L,这3项水质指标几个采样点之间均无显著差异(P＞0.05)；从19:20至翌日7:20,总氨氮、非离子氨质量浓度整体呈上升趋势,但在翌日7:20—13:20期间上升趋势变缓,甚至有降低趋势；净化塘的亚硝态氮质量浓度变化较大,试验流水槽和对照流水槽的变化不明显。

Abstract:

In order to promote the development of facility aquaculture of golden crucian carp(Carassius auratus) in Shanghai,the culture experiment of golden crucian carp was carried out by using the circulating water flow flume in ponds, and the yield and benefit were calculated.An optimization test on the opening time of water pushing device of the circulating water flow flume was also carried out during the culture experiment,and the water qualities were compared between the purification pond group,the flow flume of the test group and the flow flume of the control group.The results showed that:(1)the total yield of C. auratus cultured in six flumes was 8 606 kg,and the total production value and profit was 103 300 and 30 300 RMB,respectively.(2)The dissolved oxygen concentration in the purification pond,experimental circulating flume and control circulating flume monitored at different time points were more than 4.0 mg/L,with no significant difference among groups(P>0.05).The pH value of the water in purifying pond was slightly higher than other two groups,and the pH value of the experimental group was the lowest from 20:20 to 4:20 the next day,with significant difference between the experimental circulating flume group and the purification pond at 24:20 and 2:20 on the next day(P<0.05).(3)The concentration of total ammonia nitrogen, non-ionized ammonia and nitrite nitrogen were 0.64-1.16 mg/mL,0.35-0.91 mg/mL and 0.14-0.19 mg/mL,respectively,and there was no significant difference among groups(P>0.05).The concentrations of total ammonia nitrogen and non-ionic ammonia showed an overall upward trend from 19:20 to 7:20 the next day,but then leveled off and even decreased during the period of 7:20 to 13:20 the next day.Moreover,the variation of nitrite nitrogen concentration in the purification pond was more apparent than other two groups.