草鱼养殖池塘水温生态适宜度评价基准初探

Preliminary study on evaluation benchmark of ecological suitability of water temperature in grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella) culture pond

摘要:

水温是决定池塘养殖鱼类能否生存和健康生长的关键因素之一。文章系统地梳理了国内外涉及水温对草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idella)生理生态影响的研究结果,将水温对草鱼生长和生存的生态适宜度划分为5个等级期,并以此为基础研究确定了5个生态适宜度等级期的温度(t)基准(范围):死亡期t≤2.0 ℃或t≥38.0 ℃；危险期t∈(2.0,4.0)℃或t∈[35.0,38.0)℃；影响期t∈[4.0~18.0)℃或t∈(33.0~35.0)℃；正常期t∈[18.0~26.0)℃或t∈(30.0~33.0]℃；最适期t∈[26.0~30.0]℃。研究结果可为广大养殖户开展池塘水温安全管理和生态适宜度调节工作提供参考。

Abstract:

Grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella) is the most productive species of freshwater fish farmed in ponds in China.Water temperature in the pond is one of the key factors to determine whether it can survive and grow healthily.Based on the existing literature,the ecological suitability of water temperature to the growth and survival of grass carp was divided into five grade periods.The impact of water temperature on the physiology and ecology of grass carp were systematically reviewed,and the temperature(t) benchmarks(range) of five ecological suitability grade periods were determined.The benchmarks(t) were as follows:death period t≤2.0 ℃ or t≥38.0 ℃,dangerous period t∈(2.0,4.0)℃ or t∈[35.0,38.0)℃,influence period t∈[4.0~18.0)℃ or t∈(33.0~35.0)℃,normal period t∈[18.0~26.0)℃ or t∈(30.0~33.0]℃ and optimal period t∈[26.0~30.0]℃.The results are helpful to guide farmers to carry out the safe management of pond water temperature and the adjustment of ecological suitability,and promote the healthy development of grass carp aquaculture industry.