不同规格大辽河野生刀鲚肌肉营养成分分析及评价

Analysis and evaluation of muscle nutritional composition of different size of wild Coilia nasus from Daliao River

摘要:

为比较不同规格大辽河野生刀鲚肌肉的营养成分,以体长分别为(109.45±3.85)mm、(150.01±1.11) mm、(205.06±4.41)mm的3种规格的刀鲚为研究对象,比较其肌肉中水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、灰分、氨基酸和脂肪酸等的差异,并对其营养价值进行评定。结果表明:不同规格的刀鲚,其肌肉中粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和水分的含量差异显著(P＜0.05),灰分含量差异不显著(P＞0.05)。其中大规格组刀鲚的肌肉中粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量最高,质量分数分别为20.20%和7.37%。小、中、大3种规格刀鲚肌肉中均检测出18种氨基酸,其中,氨基酸总量(质量分数)分别为17.21％、18.73％、20.44％,必需氨基酸总量(质量分数)分别为7.59％、8.20％、9.03％,4种鲜味氨基酸总量(质量分数)分别是6.39％、7.33％、8.18％。根据氨基酸评分(ASS)和化学评分(CS),各组刀鲚的第一限制性氨基酸均为色氨酸。不同规格刀鲚肌肉中均检测出20种脂肪酸,其中油酸、二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸含量较一般食品更为丰富,而大规格刀鲚较其他两个规格刀鲚营养价值更高。

Abstract:

This present study was to compare and evaluate the contents of moisture,crude protein,crude lipid,ash,amino acids and fatty acids in the muscle of different sizes of Coilia nasus which the body length was (109.45±3.85)mm、(150.01±1.11)mm、(205.06±4.41)mm,respectively.The results showed that the contents of crude protein,crude lipid and moisture in the muscle of different size fish were significantly different(P＜0.05),but the ash content showed no significant difference(P＞0.05).The crude protein(20.20%) and crude lipid contents(7.37%) in the muscle of large fish were the highest.18 kinds of amino acids were all detected in the muscles of three different sizes fish.The percentage of total amino acid was 17.21％,18.73％and 20.44％,the percentage of essential amino acid was 7.59％,8.20％ and 9.03％,and the percentage of four kinds of umami amino acid were 6.39％,7.33％and 8.18％,respectively.According to nutrition evaluation for animo acid score(AAS) and chemical score(CS),the first limited amino acid was Tryptophan.The contents of oleic acid,eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA) were more abundant than those in common foods,and large fish had higher nutritional value than the other two small size fish(P<0.05).